Borjomi, Georgia: mineral waters, nature and the largest national park in the Caucasus
In the valley of the Kura River, surrounded by coniferous forests and rolling hills, Borjomi has been captivating travellers, aristocrats and scientists for more than two centuries with an invisible yet unmistakable treasure: its mineral waters. Today the town is one of the most complete destinations for nature and wellness tourism in the entire Caucasus, with Borjomi-Kharagauli National Park as a backdrop and a cultural offering that goes far beyond a simple spa resort.
Borjomi mineral waters: history and properties
Borjomi water is a naturally carbonated alkaline mineral water, rich in sodium bicarbonate, magnesium and calcium, which rises from the ground at a temperature of 38 °C. Its properties were medically recognised in the 19th century when Russian viceroy Mikhail Vorontsov chose it as his summer residence. The Borjomi brand is today exported to more than 50 countries and is Georgians' favourite drink. In the town's central park, two fountains allow visitors to drink the water directly, free of charge.
Borjomi-Kharagauli National Park: nature at its finest
With 85,000 hectares of Caucasian forests, Borjomi-Kharagauli National Park is one of the largest protected natural areas in Europe. Its trails wind through centuries-old beech forests, alpine meadows and peaks over 2,600 metres, home to brown bears, wolves, lynxes and Caucasian deer. The well-marked trail network offers options for all levels, from half-day routes to multi-day treks with mountain refuges.
History and architectural heritage
The Romanov Palace at Likani, built in the late 19th century as the summer residence of the Russian imperial family, is one of the most elegant buildings in all of Georgia. Although not always open to the public, its façade and surrounding gardens are well worth a visit. The remains of medieval fortresses scattered across nearby valleys complete the region's historical picture.
Health tourism and gastronomy in Borjomi
Borjomi's balneotherapy centres combine mineral water baths, mud treatments and detox programmes with traditional Georgian medicine techniques. The town-centre restaurants offer a full showcase of Georgian cuisine: khinkali with meat and mushrooms, regional khachapuri, lamb skewers and wines from local wineries.
Combine Borjomi with a trip to Vardzia (90 km south) and Rabati Castle in Akhaltsikhe for a complete route through southern Georgia.
Frequently asked questions
How do I get from Tbilisi to Borjomi?
There is a direct train from Tbilisi to Borjomi taking approximately 3 hours (highly recommended for the scenery). There are also frequent marshrutkas (minibuses) from Didube bus station in Tbilisi (2.5 hours). By car it is about 150 km along the E60 motorway.
Where can I drink Borjomi mineral water?
In Borjomi's central park there are two free public fountains where you can drink the mineral water directly. The main fountain is covered by a historic pavilion in the form of a Russian-style kiosk.
What is the best time to visit Borjomi?
May to October is the ideal season, with pleasant temperatures for hiking and spa use. Winter has its own charm and prices are lower, although some National Park trails may be closed due to snow.